Analisis Kekerasan Gangster dan Instabilitas Politik di Haiti

Abstract

This study aims to elaborate on the significant increase in gang violence in Haiti, which is closely linked to political instability and systemic issues within the country. This is because political dysfunction and state weakness have contributed to the spread of gang violence, which has now become a dominant force in Haiti's social and political landscape. This study focuses on adopting Johan Galtung's human security framework and violence theory to analyze the complex interactions between physical, structural, and cultural violence in Haiti. This study uses a qualitative methodology with a desk study approach, focusing on President Jovenel Moïse's leadership, authoritarian rule, widespread corruption, and the postponement of elections that have created a power vacuum. This study finds a direct link between the weakness of the Haitian government and the increasing role of non-state actors, which fill the power vacuum that should be held by the state. This study also finds profound consequences for human security, particularly related to freedom from fear and freedom from want, as gang violence has led to the collapse of basic public services, shortages of basic goods, and mass displacement.